Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and medical treatments. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity associated with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspects

Zinc oxide is a mineral renowned for its remarkable ability to safeguard delicate skin. This soothing component has long been used in a range of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Creating a physical shield on the skin's top layer, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful sunli